• LOC: alert → lethargic → obtunded → stuporous → unresponsive

• Language: expressive / receptive / global aphasia vs dysarthria

• Vision/Eyes: gaze deviation; conjugate gaze palsy; homonymous hemianopsia; quadrantanopia; cortical blindness; diplopia; nystagmus

• Face: lower facial droop (UMN) vs whole ipsilateral face (LMN)

• Motor: L/R hemiparesis or hemiplegia involving face, arm, leg (arm > leg → MCA; leg > arm → ACA)

• Sensation: intact vs decreased to light touch

“Neuro exam grossly intact, no focal deficits”

• Alert → normal

• Lethargic → sleepy but arousable

• Obtunded → very drowsy, slow response

• Stuporous → only responds to pain

• Comatose or Unresponsive/Unarousable

• Expressive → ↓ speech, comprehension intact

• Receptive → ↓ comprehension, fluent nonsense

• Global → ↓ speech + ↓ comprehension

• Dysarthria → slurred speech, language intact

• Gaze deviation → eyes fixed to one side

• Conjugate gaze palsy → cannot move both eyes in one direction

• Homonymous hemianopsia → loss of same half of vision in both eyes

• Cortical blindness → bilateral vision loss with normal pupils

• Diplopia → double vision

• Nystagmus → involuntary eye movements

• Hemiparesis → partial weakness on one side

• Hemiplegia → complete paralysis on one side

• Quadriparesis → weakness in all four extremities

• Quadriplegia (Tetraplegia) → paralysis of all four extremities